高考短文改错专练篇一：2016高考英语短文改错专练(二)
2016高考英语短文改错专练（二）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（?）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Passage 1
Last month, the 18th Foreign Language Speech Competition was successfully held in our boarding school. Luckily, the Students? Union organize an English Speech Competition. At first I didn?t show some interest and wasn?t very much confident. Then my English teacher Mr. Smith encouraged me. Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the competition and made fully preparations for it. Two weeks later the time I had been looking forward to coming and it was his turn. Glancing at my teacher?s smiling face, I built up my confidence. Much to my delight, the
result was announced and I was one of the winner. But my teacher?s encouragement, I couldn?t have won the first prize. I?m proud of Mr. Smith or the wonderful experience.
Passage 2
As is known to all, drunk driving in the road traffic safety is strictly prohibited. Unluckily, I saw a traffic accident on my way home on last night. A car hit a motorbike. The motorbike driver was bad hurt and sent to hospital. After a while, the traffic police came. Under the help of the people who witnessed the accident, the police found out a truth. The driver of the car was drinking and his car went out of control. At last he was taken to the police station. All the people there think the car driver was to blame for this accident.
Which is reported in the news reports, drunk driving should be treated more seriously. It often causes many people lose their lives, such as the accident that happened in Hangzhou and Chengdu. It is high time that we prevent drunk driving.
Passage 3
Dear Sir/Madam,
I write this letter to you to draw your attention to my complaint about your service. A few days ago, I joined a three-days trip to E-mei Mountain in your travel agency. I found a little differences between your advertisement
and action. As you say, you will provide a large air-conditioned bus, but we only rode in a shabby bus with any air conditioner. Yes, you served us lunch, and the food tasted terribly and some even with sand. We didn?t enjoy any kind of shower. In fact, we only bathe in cold water. As for sightseeing, the guide took us to several expensive souvenir shops, what wasted us much time. As the result, two scenery spots were finally left unseen. We do hope something can done to prevent such things happen again.
Passage 4
As we all know, playing is one of man's itself characteristics. Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since many years ago, many adults and children have call their friends together to spend hours, even days play games. One of reasons why people like to play is that sports help them to move happily. In other words, they help to keep people strong and health. If people are playing games, they move a lot of. Having fun with their friends make them happy. Many people enjoy sports by watch others play. So that is why sports are good activities for people?s health.
Passage 5
Last Sunday I went shopping with my father. We have a lot of things to buy. We drove to the center of the city and stopped our car in the front of the shop. An hour late, we came back to the car. But it was strange that we couldn?t open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. It was glad to help us. A few minute later, he got the door open. Just then a man came up and shouted angrily. ?How are you doing with my car?? We were surprising and went to see the number of the car. What you think we did then? We had to speak sorry to the man again and again.
Passage 6
Yesterday, it was just on the point of big shopping this season. Li Mei goes to a store to return a shirt without
carrying the receipt(收据）.When she got there，she refused. The salesman said that he wouldn?t take it back if she showed him the receipt. Thinking it was no way out，Li Mei put the shirt back in her bag and left. Suddenly two shop guard stopped her and began to search for her. They found the shirt in the bag and looked at it careful. Many eyes were staring at her, what made Li Mei very embarrassing. Luckily, a salesman came up in time and she was allowed to go.
Passage 7
Changes create happiness. Fortunately, great changes have been taken place in my village．Ten years ago, the
small and low houses, which lie on the north of the lake, produced much waste．As the result, the lake was serious polluted．To the west was a sandy field, that was the source of dust．Better still, a brickyard on the southwest side
of the lake used up a great deal good soil．Now poor house have been replaced by green trees and the brickyard by tall buildings．The sandy field that the villagers used to ploughing has been covered with fruit trees．On the lake the villagers often spend his spare time boating and fishing．
2016高考英语短文改错专练（二）答案与解析
Passage 1
本文是一篇励志小故事。讲述了作者(一位中学生)参加了本校一年一度的英语口语演讲比赛。当初，作者由于缺乏兴趣和自信而不敢参加，因受自己的英语老师的开导和激励，便报了名，但经过自己的一番努力后，最终以第一名的好成绩赢得了这场比赛。
1.organize→organized。考查动词时态的用法。句子Last month, the 18th Foreign Language Speech Competition was successfully held in our boarding school. Luckily, the Students? Union organize an English Speech
Competition中的谓语动词organize，其动作时间应与作者参赛的时间取得一致，故用一般过去时。
2.some→any 。考查同义词辨析。句子At first I didn?t show some interest and wasn?t very …中的形容词some，通常用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句之中。但在否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中常用any来替换。
3. 去掉much。考查副词固定习语的用法。句中…and wasn?t very much confident中的much与very连用，通常修饰动词。但其后紧跟形容词confident，故much多余。
4.Inspiring→Inspired。考查过去分词短语作状语的用法。句中Inspiring by my teacher, I signed up for the competition…中的Inspiring，与句子主语I是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词，且有by短语提示，二者合起来作状语，表示原因，相当于原因状语从句。
5.fully→full。考查副词的误用。句中…and made fully preparations for it中的fully是副词，作状语，通常修饰动词。但其后紧跟名词preparations，应为形容词作定语。
6.coming→came。考查句子结构的甄别。根据句子结构分析：本句是由并列连词and连接的并列句，前一分句Two weeks later the time I had been looking forward to coming and it was…中的the time是主语，I had been looking forward to是省略了引导词that的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the time，该分句中缺少谓语动词。但是，又受and的制约，证明又由其连接了一个使用一般过去时的后一分句，此时句中coming不能单独作谓语，只能改为came时，句子结构才能成立。
7.his→my。考查逻辑关系。文章是以第一人称叙述了作者的所有境况。所以，此处应用my来表示所属关系。
8.winner→winners。考查名词数别的判断。句子I was one of the winner表述中可以看出，one of后跟名词，须用其复数形式。
9.But→Without。考查逻辑关系。文章最后表明了作者对老师的感激之情，便使用了Without…, … couldn?t have done ….句式结构。所以，此处的without介词短语表示条件。
10.or→and。考查逻辑关系。最后作者以拥有这样的老师和本次难得的比赛经历而表示自豪。所以，此处的Mr. Smith 和 the wonderful experience without是并列关系。
Passage 2
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者昨天晚上回家时所看到的一起醉驾行驶的小轿车撞上了一辆电动自行车的交通事故。伤情严重，在好心人的帮助下，伤者很快被送到了医院进行抢救。于是，现场的目击证人强烈谴责醉驾司机，要求其对本次事故负全责。作者又通过发生在杭州和成都的两地多起交通事故来强烈呼吁：抵制醉驾，珍惜生命。
1. 去掉last前面on。考查名词短语的习惯用法。句子…way home on last night中 的介词on 应该用在表示具体的某一日或某一天的早晨、下午或者晚上，但在last night名词习语中， 介词on是多余的。
2.bad→badly。考查形容词的误用。句子…driver was bad hurt中 的形容词bad 应该用在名词前作定语，但是，此处是在动词hurt前，须用副词，作状语，即表示：伤者的被伤害的程度。
3.Under→With。考查固定习语的用法。句子Under the help of the people who…中的固定搭配with one?s help或with the help of somebody，表示 “在某人帮助下”，其介词为with。
4.a→the。考查冠词的基本用法。句子…police found out a truth中的冠词，应表示 “这次交通事故的真实情况”，表示特指，须用定冠词the。
5.drin
6.think→thought。考查动词时态的辨别。句子All the people there think the car driver was to blame…主句中的谓语动词think应与从句中的谓语动词保持时间上的一致，须用一般过去时。
7.Which→As。考查定语从句引导词的辨析。句子Which is reported in the news reports, drunk driving causes many people…中的Which is reported in the news reports是定语从句中的从句，drunk driving causes many people…是主句，本定语从句中能够代替一个句子内容的引导词，只有as。
8. lose前加to。考查固定搭配的用法。句子… driving causes many people lose their lives…中的固定搭配cause somebody to do something，表示 “导致/引发/引起……”意义时，其后跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
9.accident→accidents。考查名词数别的判断。句子… such as the accident that happened in Hangzhou and Chengdu表述中的accident须用复数形式,应与that引导的定语从句中出现的in Hangzhou and Chengdu语意相吻合。
10.prevent→prevented或加should。考查虚拟语气的用法。句子It is high time that we prevent drunk driving表述中的that从句里的谓语动词须用“动词过去式或should+动词原形”来构成虚拟语气。句式结构为It is high time that… 刚好（恰好）到了…时候了。
Passage 3
本篇是一封游客对旅行社失信服务的投诉信。信中讲到：作者参报了一个为期三天去峨眉山旅游的旅行社，当游客到了目的地后，竟然发现，旅行社的广告宣传与游览景点和游区服务质量相差悬殊，所有承诺均未兑现，胡乱顶用，最后造成重点景点遗漏，憾事连连。作者强烈要求有关部门采取相应措施，制止类似事件的再次发生。
1.three-days→three-day。考查复合形容词的用法。文中… joined a three-days trip to E-mei Mountain…里的three-days是复合形容词，其由“基数词+连字符+名词单数”来构成，作定语，修饰名词trip。
2.little→few 。考查同义词的辨析。文中…found a little differences between…里的differences是可数名词的复数形式，故其前few作定语，起限定作用。而little则与不可数名词的单数形式连用。
3.with→without/any→no。考查逻辑关系。文中已经讲明了游客坐的是没有装空调的车子，并且车况很差。所以，此处应用否定意义的词来表述。
4.and→but。考查逻辑关系。作者反映尽管旅行社在午饭时提供了饭菜，但是质量很差，而且还有沙粒。所以，此处语义应为转折关系。
5.terribly→terrible。考查副词的误用。句子…the food tasted terribly中的terribly是副词，作状语。而此处应用其形容词terrible，置于系动词tasted后作表语，才符合词法要求 。
6.bathe→bathed。考查动词时态的辨别。句子In fact, we only bathe in cold water中的谓语动词bathe应与全文背景时间保持一致，须用一般过去时。
7.what→which。考查非限制性定语从句的用法。从句子结构来看，句子…the guide took us to several expensive souvenir shops, what wasted us much time句中的souvenir shops，其后跟了一个非限制性定语从句来起补充或说明作用，因先行词指物，应用关系代词which来引导。而what则与定语从句无关。
8.the→a。考查固定习语的用法。句子As the result, two scenery spots were finally left unseen中的固定搭配
高考短文改错专练篇二：高考英语单句短文改错专项练习100句
高考英语单句短文改错专项练习100句
一．单句改错.（下列句子各有一处错误，请改正）
1.Now people get a lot of informations from TV.
2.German is a European country.
3.They didn’t want me to do any work at family.
4.Yesterday I met an old friend of my father.
5.Boys and girls, don’t lose hearts. Do better next time.
6.They are of different size.
7.It is so beautiful place that you must visit it.
8.What a terrible weather we have been having!
9.It took place in France, an European country.
10.Suddenly I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd.
11.What good time we had last night!
12.We shall spend three-day holiday together.
13.I came to understand that was not easy to earn money.
14.Some parents think useless for girls to go to school.
15 When he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place.
16.One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.
17.It’s important that we should think over before doing anything.
18.The truck was moving so fast that the driver couldn’t control.
19.I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.
20.We must take part in the social practice to prepare us well for our future.
21.The teacher did not punish for cheating but instead gave me a second chance.
22. Hey did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke down.
23. There was a five-pound note in the pocket of the trousers I had told her to wash it.
24.People can hardly do some fishing there.
25.I visited a place where is surrounded by mountains.
26.I am sure you will find one you like it.
27.It was yesterday when he broke the window.
28.He had lost his glasses without them he couldn’t see.
29.Oliver Twist, the hero of the story, he was an orphan.
30.It starts with choosing a tree from neither a farm or a store.
31.She never has enough time for that she wants to do.
32.I find what I have one shortcoming in my character.
33.What necessary it is that we get rid of the bad habits .
34.It didn’t matter that I would win or not.
35.People in the US drink more coffee than people in any country.
36.The development will bring us much more hopes and chances.
37.The Olympics are held each four years.
38.A summer, Fane traveled abroad.
39.I hope you think about my request as soon as possibly.
40.I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.
41.As there is no air or water, there can be no life , too.
42.There were too many nice things that I didn’t know what to choose.
43.He decides to travel a lot and visit such many new places as possible.
44.I couldn’t see as clear as before.
45.The water in it is so dirty that it smells terribly.
46.I appreciate your help very well.
47.You always gave me specially attention and inspired me.
48.It was until midnight that it stopped raining.
49.People both at home and abroad have been great helped by the new computer.
50.He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.
51.She is a brave and honesty girl.
52.It is much easy to make plans than to carry them out.
53.It is convenient for me to prepare for the exam than before.
54.He gave me an order worthy 15 million dollars.
55.The tree was put into a Christmas stand that holds the tree up straightly.
56.Is teaching kids English as interested as you expected in college?
57.We had guests last night who had not stayed in it ago.
58.We are all very much active and the activities are enjoyable.
59.If you won’t want to take a taxi, you can go by bus.
60.Our city is a modern city. It set up in the early 1980s.
61.Bad habits not come suddenly.
62.I have caught a bad cold for a week and I can’t get rid of it.
63.Following the road and you will find the store.
64.I rush over without delay, jumped into the water and swam towards him.
65.You must do everything you can help them.
66.When a rabbit see something dangerous, it runs away.
67.Its tail, which is white, moving up and down as it runs.
68.Think perhaps I was too tired, I stood up and was going to sleep.
69.I was often tired and watch TV demands little effort.
70.The little girl hurried home with the remained money.
71.His young patient was soon able to get up and ran about again.
72.It was kind of them to meet me at the station and drove me to their home.
73.She liked it very much and reads it to the class.
74.There were over 1000 students attend it.
75.Is it likely to be any food at the party on Saturday?
76.Please excuse us for not able to say goodbye to you.
77.He spends hours on the telephone, talks to his friends.
78.Filling with many people, the room is crowded.
79.At the interview there are many people who wait to interviewed for jobs.
80.It will cost a rocket a hundred thousand years to reach it.
81.There used to have a church in front of the school.
82.Hope you great success in your work!
83.All you can do is encouraging him,show him understanding and offer him advice.
84.In Friday afternoon, some students took part in a speech activity.
85.In a few weeks the story was returned to her.
86.It was very fine when I got up early on last Sunday morning.
87.I rushed out the house as quickly as I could.
88.It is necessary to decide what is worth taking notice.
89.I had difficulty in grammar after I entered into the school.
90.She could hardly afford for the medical care.
91.But we don’t seem to have much time to talk about together.
92.He was punished because what he had done.
93.The ice isn’t thick enough for us to skate.
94.I gave you my luggage at a quarter of an hour ago.
95.I am writing to thank you with your kind help.
96.He means to come no earlier as that time.
97.We must return back to school this afternoon
98.Child as he is, but he knows a lot.
99.Having been ill for a long time,so she fell behind her classmates. 100.Thinking he happened to have no work to do,and he came back home.
Answers:
1-5informations-information;German-Germany;family-home;
father-father’s; hearts-heart;
6-10 size-sizes; a place; 删除a; an-a; 删除a
11-15 a good time; a three-day; that后加it; think后加it; them-it;16-20 showed后加it; think后加it; control后加it; me-myself; us-ourselves;
21-25 punish后加me; that-which; 删除it; some-any; where-which; 26-30删除it; when-that; them-which; 删除he; neither-either; 31-35 that-what; what-that; What-How; that-whether; any后加other; 36-40 much-many; each-every; A-One; possibly-possible; particular-particularly;
41-45 too-either;too-so; such-as; clear-clearly; terribly-terrible; 46-50 well-much; specially-special; was后加not; great-greatly; comfortable-comfortably;
51-55 honesty-honest;easy-easier;is后加more;worthy-worth; straightly-straight;
56-60 interested-interesting; ago-before; 删除much; won’t-don’t; It后加was;
61-65 habits后加do; caught-had Following-Follow; rush-rushed; can后加to;
66-70 see-sees; moving-moves; think-Thinking; watch-watching; remained-remaining;
71-75 ran-run; drove-drive; reads-read; attend-attending; it-there; 76-80 not后加being;talks-talking;Filling-Filled; to后加be;cost-take; 81-85 have-be; Hope-Wish; encouraging-encourage; In-On; In-After; 86-90 删除on; out后加of notice后加of; 删除into; 删除for
91-95 删除about; because后加of; skate后加on; 删除at; with-for; 96-100 as-than; 删除back; 删除but; 删除so; 删除and;
高考短文改错专练篇三：2017届高三短文改错提分专练
2017届高三短文改错提分专练
结合新课标1对短文改错考察难度，考察语法点，精讲细练。
精选山东省各地市、名校高考模拟题，高质量、高起点、高成效提高英语短文改错做题能力。
【2016高考真题感悟】真题定方向
（2016·课标1）
第四部分 写作 (共两节 满分 35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题：每小题1分，满分10 分)
命题分析：本部分考查考生在理解短文的基础上发现并纠正包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等类型错误的能力。考查考生依据上下文正确使用动词、连词、形容词与副词、名词、代词、介词、冠词等项目的能力。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 ()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起)不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that(where)I live. Though not very big, but(删除)the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had（have）to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest(honesty). Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or(and)high quality oil are using(used)for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams(加of) becoming rich in the(a)short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our(his)business will grow steady(steadily).
短文分析：文章以第一人称视角讲述了叔叔的餐馆很受欢迎，每天门庭若市。叔叔成功的秘诀就是诚信经营，使用高品质食材，稳健发展，从不幻想一夜暴富。作者用叔叔成功的例子，呼唤诚信经营、脚踏实地。
试题分析：
第一处：考查宾语从句。从句缺地点状语。
第二处：考查连词。though与but不可连用。
第三处：考查时态。通过上句可知描述的是现在。
第四处：考查名词。成功的秘诀是“诚信”，不应是“诚信的”。
第五处：考查连词。新鲜蔬菜和高品质油都要使用，而非二者选择其一。
第六处：考查语态。新鲜食材是被用来烹饪的。
第七处：考查短语中的介词。dream of梦想。
第八处：考查冠词。在一段很短的时间内，而非特定的那段时间。
第九处：考查代词。叔叔希望“他”的生意稳中发展，而非“我们”的生意。
第十处：考查副词。grow此处为不及物动词，表示发展，后面应加副词作状语。备考建议：短文改错是整张卷得分率最低的题型。在备考时，应循序渐进，先扎实基本语言知识，然后从单句训练开始，从单一错误类型开始，逐渐过渡到语篇。改错属于输出，前提还是输入，所以合适文本的精读训练是必要的。语法的备考复习应精析、勤练、常复现，贯穿始终并不难。
短文改错，我把有错的地方给大家圈一下，稍微题比较难的地方。to后面不能这这个that。这个地方去掉，因为它是一个主句，but去掉。这个地方，因为时态的关系，这个地方去掉。or这个地方要改，被使用，形容时间，注意人称的代换，steady，后面应该加ing形式。短文改错总体跟大家评一下。语法填空和短文讲的很快，因为前面讲的比较多。这
个难度整体来说难度为七分，因为有些小孩习惯性把这个文章读懂再做，不一定能读懂，里面有一些是困难的。刚刚我看到这个句子比较长的，这句话相对来说比较难，偏难的。所以说有很多的东西，包括看不明白的。所以比较难的。
这个难度系数为6分，因为最难的一些考察并没有出来，固定搭配这些，考察的都是相对来说比较简单的一些东西。。
【老司机经验谈】
短文改错是有一定的规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误。
1. 形容词与副词的误用。
如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly，here与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。
2. 名词的单复数误用。
如在several，many，various，different，a few，one of等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。
3. 代词的误用。
如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。
4. 介词的误用、缺少或多余。
常见的如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。
5. 时态的错误。
看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。
6. 连词的误用。
如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。
7. 第三人称单数后的动词形式。
8. 一些固定结构的误用。
如so...that被误用作very...that，too...to被误用very...to，as...as被误作so...as等。
9. 定语从句中，which，that，when，where等混淆不清。
10. 一些常用词，如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如any-thing与something，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清。
【讲解篇1】高分口诀，老司机高能
为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。本文拟从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误。
短文改错口诀：
动词形，名词数；
注意形和副；
非谓动词细辨别；
习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析；
逻辑错误须关注。
一、动词形
主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：
My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. （is）
Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. （are）
上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。
二、名词数
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：
…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. （subjects）
三、 区分形和副
及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. （wonderful）
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. （Unfortunately）
需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。
四、非谓动词细辨别
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例
如：
…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. （interested）
Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … （playing）
My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… （to）
上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。
五、习惯用法要记住
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：
It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… （of）
We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. （of）
六、句子成分多分析
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：
They ∧eager to know everything about China and… （were）
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. （which）
第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。
七、逻辑错误须关注
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. （their）
First, let me tell you something more about myself. （去掉more）
… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. （everyone）
上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用 everyone。
除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误（可以归类为逻辑错误），以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：
She was smiling but nodding at me. （and）
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. （or）
We may be one family and live under a same roof. （the）
下面是2002年全国高考试题中的短文改错题。这道题较全面地反映了本文的口诀。现在请你试着做一做，然后参阅题后的答案与简析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows，it’s famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain，the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain，we ed monkeys，visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案与简析：
76. famous前加上a.（名词数）
77. 正确
78. we前面加when，引导一个时间状语从句。（句子成分多分析）
79. them→us （逻辑错误须关注）
80. visiting→visited（非谓动词细辨别）
81. picture→pictures（名词数）
82. passes→passed（动词形）
83. 去掉down（习惯用法要记住）
84. and→but（but，and，or和so）