制剂与分析硫磺熏蒸对黄芩药材及饮片质量影响分析?
[摘要] 硫磺熏蒸会导致中药材化学成分发生改变，国家对于中药材及饮片的加工贮藏已不再建议使用硫磺熏蒸的方法。该文为分析硫磺熏蒸对黄芩药材质量的影响，采用蒸馏离子色谱法对180批黄芩饮片，26批黄芩药材，测定二氧化硫残留量；采用LCMS结合主成分分析法，比较硫黄熏蒸前后，黄芩中化学成分的变化；并分析硫熏前后黄酮类成分的含量。二氧化硫残留量测定结果，以《中国药典》2015年版四部二氧化硫残留限量≤150 mg·kg-1计算，74批不合格，不合格率359%。不合格样品全部为饮片。通过指纹图谱对比及主成分分析结果表明，硫熏前后黄酮类成分未发生明显变化，但黄酮苷类成分呈下降趋势，黄芩苷含量变化明显。硫磺熏蒸过程中黄酮苷类成分水解成苷元，导致苷类成分下降，此问题对黄芩质量产生影响。黄芩饮片在炮制加工过程中的打硫现象非常严重，提示监管的重点环节在饮片生产过程。
[关键词] 黄芩； 硫磺熏蒸； 质量影响
Impact of sulfur fumigation on quality of Scutellariae Radix
XIAO Ling， JIANG Tao， NIE Jing， CHENG Ying*
（Hubei Provincial Institute for Food and Drug Control， Wuhan 430075， China）
[Abstract] Sulfur fumigation usually causes transformation of chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） As for the process and storage of TCM， the sulfur fumigation has been no longer recommended by the government This study is to explore the impact of the sulfur fumigation on the quality of Scutellariae Radix Distillation combined with ionchromatography was used to evaluate the residue of sulfur dioxide in 180 batches of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces and 26 batches of Scutellariae Radix herbs In addition， LCMS combined with principal component analysis （PCA） was used to compare the changes in chemical components and flavonoid content in radix scutellariae before and after sulfur fumigation As a result， 74 batches of Scutellariae Radix decoction pieces were determined to be unqualified on the basis of the residue limit of sulfur dioxide in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Vol Ⅳ （≤150 mg·kg-1）， with a qualification rate of 359% All of the unqualified samples were decoction pieces The fingerprint and PCA indicates that flavonoid content of Scutellariae Radix had no change before and after sulfur fumigation， but flavonoid glycosides decreased after sulfur fumigation and baicalin decreased sharply The flavonoid glycoside was hydrolyzed to flavone aglycone in the process of sulfur fumigation， which caused the decrease in content of falvonoid glycosides and had an impact on the quality of Scutellariae Radix The decoction pieces of Scutellariae Radix were seriously fumigated with sulfur in the processing， suggesting the key regulatory point is the decoction pieces production process
[Key words] Scutellariae Radix； sulfur fumigation； influence quality
doi：10.4268/cjcmm20161208
黄芩收载于《中国药典》2015年版一部，来源为唇形科植物黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi[1]，具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒、止血安胎的功效。黄芩药源一直以野生为主，分布于长江以北大部分地区、西北和西南地区，近年由于国内外市场需求的日益增加，其野生资源破坏严重，国内许多地方已对黄芩进行了引种栽培，栽培黄芩已成为主要商品来源，以山西产量最多，承德质量最好[2]。