公安干警工作压力及性格特征对其主观幸福感的影响
[摘要] 目的 调查公安干警工作压力及性格特征对公安干警主观幸福感的影响。 方法 采用整群随机抽样方法抽取2013年1～6月惠州市一县一区管辖内的公安分局、派出所的公安干警进行调查研究。公安干警压力源、A型行为类型评定量表、Campbell幸福感量表对公安干警进行工作压力及幸福感进行调查分析，并对公安干警工作压力及性格特征与主观幸福感的相关性进行分析。 结果 共发放550份问卷，可利用问卷为525份，可利用率为95.5%。不同性格特征（A型和B型）的公安干警工作压力评分结果显示，“工作任务本身”平均得分比较，差异无统计学意义（t=0.87，P>0.05），“组织和管理协调、人际和社会、自我能力和工作职业发展”比较，差异均有统计学意义（t=7.71、8.56、6.67、5.21，均P<0.05）。不同性格特征（A型和B型）的公安干警主观幸福感评分结果比较，“总体情感指数、生活满意、主观幸福感总分”比较差异均有统计学意义（t=8.77、9.81、6.96，均P<0.05）。公安干警工作压力、不同性格特征与主观幸福感均呈负相关（均P<0.05）。 结论 工作压力和不同的性格特征均影响着公安干警的主观幸福感。应采用合适的管理办法减轻公安干警的工作压力，进而减缓其心理压力，提高主观幸福感。
[关键词] 工作压力；性格特征；主观幸福感；公安干警
[中图分类号] B849 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616（2015）16-194-04
Influence of working pressure and character traits of public security officers on subjective well-being
WU Xiqiang1 YE Baiwei1 XIE Shengqun2 XU Juan1 LIU Yongzhong1
YE Yucong1 WU Donghong1
1.Huizhou Second People"s Hospital， Huizhou 516001， China； 2. Futian Town Health Centre of Boluo County， Boluo 516100， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of working pressure and character traits of public security officers on subjective well-being. Methods To extract public security officers of public security subbureau and police station in one county one district of Huizhou city from January to June 2013 according to cluster random sampling， to make investigation and study. To make investigation and analysis of working pressure and subjective well-being of public security officers according to the pressure source， the rating scale of A behavior type， the well-being scale， to make correlation analysis btween public security officers’ working pressure， character traits and subjective well-being. Results Of the 550 questionnaires， the availability was 95.5% with 525 available questionnaires. The results of working pressure score of different character traits of public security officers （A and B） showed that， the work task score was no statistical significance（t=0.87， P>0.05）， the differences of organization and management coordination， interpersonal and society， self-ability and working professional development were statistical significance（t=7.71， 8.56， 6.67， 5.21， P<0.05）. The results of subjective well-being of different character traits of public security officers （A and B） showed that， the differences of total scores of emotional index， life satisfaction， subjective well-being were statistical significance（t=8.77， 9.81， 6.96， P<0.05）. The public security officers" public security officers， character traits， and subjective well-being were negative correlation（P<0.05）. Conclusion Working pressure and different character traits has influence on the subjective well-being of public security officers. It is better to adopt appropriate management method to reduce the working pressure of public security officers， and then to mitigate the psychological pressure， to improve the subjective well-being.