慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期合并糖尿病患者的抗凝治疗及血栓前状态研究


  [摘要] 目的 研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性发作期合并糖尿病患者的抗凝治疗及血栓前状态。 方法 选取该院于2013年12月—2017年2月收治的73例COPD急性发作期合并糖尿病患者为研究对象,随机分为两组,对照组采用常规治疗,研究组在此基础上给予抗凝治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后的血小板和血凝功能指标变化情况,以及治疗效果。 结果 两组患者采用不同方式治疗后,血小板和血凝功能指标均呈现不同程度变化,其中FIB、D-D、HB、ET、PLT指标均显著降低,研究组的降低程度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而PT、APTT、t-PA、PAI-1指标变化差异无统计学意义,且研究组的总体有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在常规药物治疗的基础上采用抗凝治疗,可有效改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期合并糖尿病患者的血栓前状态,提高患者治疗效率和生活质量,具有良好的临床运用价值。
  [关键词] 慢性阻塞性肺疾病;糖尿病;抗凝治疗;血栓前状态
  [中圖分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062(2017)11(b)-0009-04
  [Abstract] Objective To research the anticoagulant therapy and prethrombotic state of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with diabetes. Methods 73 cases of patients with COPD acute attack combined with diabetes admitted and treated in our hospital from December 2013 to February 2017 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into two groups, the control group used the routine treatment, while the research group used the anticoagulant therapy on the basis of the control group, and the changes of platelet and hemagglutination indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the FIB, D-D, HB, ET, PLT of the two groups obviously decreased, and the decrease degree in the research group was obviously higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and there were no obvious differences in the changes of PT, APTT, t-PA, PAI-1, and the total treatment effective rate in the research group was obviously higher than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The anticoagulant therapy on the basis of the routine drugs can effectively improve the prethrombotic state of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with diabetes and improve the treatment efficacy and quality of life, which is of good clinical application value.
  [Key words] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Diabetes; Anticoagulant therapy; Prethrombotic state
  慢性阻塞性肺疾病是临床上常见的具有破坏性的呼吸系统疾病[1],其特征为气道炎症引起的不完全可逆的气流受限,且呈现进行性发展的态势[2]。由于病原菌感染、空气污染以及抽烟等的影响,往往会引起慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)[3],典型临床症状为呼吸困难、咳嗽咳痰,痰液量增多且呈脓性。研究显示,AECOPD常导致全身炎症反应,加重肺功能损伤程度,使凝血及血气指标、炎症因子水平等恶化,容易引发患者产生2型糖尿病。慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期合并糖尿病相互作用,容易发生感染、糖尿病酮症酸中毒、呼吸功能衰竭[4],从而加重临床症状,诱发死亡。目前临床上主要采用疾病针对性治疗,如胰岛素降糖治疗,低分子肝素钙抗凝治疗等,以控制疾病进展,改善临床症状,避免并发症,最终提高患者生活质量,而AECOPD 患者血液多处于高粘、高凝状态,是糖尿病的一项独立危险因素。该文选取2013年12月—2017年2月收治的73例患者为研究对象,通过实例对比研究,研究慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作期合并糖尿病患者的抗凝治疗效果,及其对血栓前状态的影响,现报道如下。