神经内科患者抑郁状态的影响因素分析


  [摘要] 目的 分析神经内科患者抑郁状态的影响因素。 方法 选取我院2015年1月~2016年12月收治的300例神经内科住院患者作为观察对象,本次研究采用抑郁自评量表(SDS评分)进行问卷调查,分析神经內科住院患者抑郁症发生率,并采用单因素分析法和多因素分析法评价影响神经内科患者出现抑郁状态的相关因素。 结果 通过SDS评分调查发现,300例患者中有122例(40.7%)出现抑郁症。根据单因素分析法发现,神经功能缺损、生活自理能力、神经质、床位调整以及家庭和社会支持是引发抑郁症的重要原因;通过多因素分析法发现,神经功能缺损、生活自理能力、神经质、家庭和社会支持是引发抑郁症的高危因素。 结论 神经内科住院患者的抑郁症发生率较高,对于临床治疗及护理可能造成一定的影响,需要科学分析患者抑郁症出现的原因,并给予相应的干预措施,有助于降低抑郁症的发生率。
  [关键词] 神经内科;抑郁症;影响因素;干预策略
  [中图分类号] R473.74 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)08-0141-03
  Influencing factors of the depressive state of patients with neurological disorders
  ZHANG Guirong
  Supply Room, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110000, China
  [Abstract] Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the depressive state of patients with neurological disorders. Methods A total of 300 inpatients in the department of neurology in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were involved. Self-rating depressive scale(SDS) was used to analyze the incidence of depression in the inpatients in the neurology department. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the influencing factors of the incidence of depression in patients with neurological disorders. Results Depression occurred in 122 out of 300 patients (40.7%) assessed by SDS. The results of univariate analysis showed the impaired nerve function, capacity of independent living, nervosity, bed rearrangement and support of family and society were the important causes of depression. The results of multivariate analysis showed the impaired nerve function, capacity of independent living, nervosity and support of family and society were the high-risk factors of depression. Conclusion The incidence of depression in patients with neurological disorders was high, which might impact on clinical treatment and nursing care. It is necessary to analyze the causes of depression occurrence scientifically and implement corresponding interventions to decrease the incidence of depression.
  [Key words] Neurology; Depression; Influencing factor; Intervention strategy
  有研究指出,神经内科长期住院患者具有较高的心理障碍发生率,这对于患者的临床疗效具有重要影响,并且可能由于抑郁症而引发自残行为,再次入院率较高[1]。抑郁症是现代一种常见的精神疾病,主要是由社会因素和心理因素引起的,主要表现为持续性心情抑郁,临床表现为丧失兴趣、思维迟缓且意志力下降,部分患者还可能伴随幻觉、妄想等精神病症状,对患者的正常生活造成严重影响[2]。此外,许多患者由于抑郁症出现了自杀倾向,不愿意配合临床治疗,影响了该病治疗的效果。因此,了解神经内科住院患者出现抑郁症的主要原因,并通过有效的护理干预来提高患者对临床治疗的配合度具有重要的现实意义。因此,文章主要针对神经内科患者抑郁状态的影响因素展开分析,现报道如下。
  1 资料与方法
  1.1一般资料
  选取我院2015年1月~2016年12月收治的300例神经内科住院患者作为观察对象,300例患者中男性164例、女136例;年龄22~65岁,平均(40.4±7.6)岁。本次研究经医院伦理委员会审批。入选标准:①神经内科收治的住院患者,且符合《中国精神疾病分类与诊断标准》中对于抑郁症的诊断标准;②患者及家属均对本次研究知情并自愿参与本次研究。排除标准:合并其他精神疾病、脑部手术史、癫痫史的患者。