内蒙古额济纳旗乌珠尔嘎顺铁矿地质特征及成因类型
摘要:额济纳旗乌珠尔嘎顺铁矿位于中奥陶统咸水湖群火山岩组与石炭纪二长花岗岩体的外接触带,矿体总体产状和接触带产状一致,赋存于接触带上的石榴石矽卡岩体及其附近二长花岗岩体中。石炭纪二长花岗岩为矿体的形成提供了热源和物源,北东向的断裂构造为成矿热液提供了通道。本文是在分析矿床的成矿地质特征的基础上,初步分析了其成因类型。
关键词:内蒙古;额济纳旗乌珠尔嘎顺;地质特征;矿床成因
Geological Characteristics and Genetic Type of Wuzhuergashun Iron Deposit in Ejinaqi,Inner Mongolia
He Feng,Su Maorong,Yang Jianjun
Key Laboratory of Magmatic Mineralization and Ore-prospecting,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Geological Survey of Inner Mongolia,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Huhhot 010020,China
Abstract:The Wuzhuergashun iron deposit in Ejinaqi has located the outside contact strip of O2X2 andηγC2. The occurrence of ore body is similar to the occurrence of contact strip. The ore body has come Garnet skarns in contact strip and near monzonitic granite rock.ηγC2 provides the formation of the ore body with heat and source. In addition,The northeast rift tectonic provides a channel of ore-forming hydrothermal. The paper preliminary analysis the genetic types based on the analysis of ore-forming geological characteristics.
Key Words:Inner Mongolia,Wuzhuergashun in Ejinaqi,Geological Characteristics,deposit genesis
引言
烏珠尔嘎顺铁矿位于内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟额济纳旗赛汉陶来苏木,距额济纳旗政府所在地达来呼布镇105km。地理坐标:东经99°55′40″~99°56′29″,北纬42°17′58″~42°18′29″。本矿床系1979年甘肃省地质局地质力学区调队开展六驼山幅(K-47-ⅩⅥ)1∶20万区域地质调查时发现,并对其进行了少量探槽工程揭露,填写了矿点检查卡片。1994年4月,内蒙古第一地球物理地球化学勘查院进行了详查并提交了详查报告,圈定了10条矿体,其中3号矿体规模最大,约占总储量的68.6%。
笔者通过分析乌珠尔嘎顺铁矿的矿区地质特征、矿体特征、矿石特征和围岩蚀变特征,初步分析了其成因类型。
1.区域地质特征
该矿床处于古亚洲成矿域,准噶尔成矿省,觉罗塔格-黑鹰山CuNiFeAuAgMoW石膏成矿带,黑鹰山-雅干FeAuCuMo成矿亚带中[1-3]。大地构造位置属天山-兴蒙造山系,额济纳旗-北山弧盆系,园包山岩浆弧[4-6]。出露的区域赋矿地层为下古生界奥陶系中统咸水湖群(O2X)。区域岩浆岩主要为石炭纪侵入岩,岩石类型有石英闪长岩、斜长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩等,岩体均呈岩基或岩株状产出。其中石炭纪二长花岗岩与矿体关系密切。区内总体构造线方向为北西向,北西向断裂构造控制着地层和岩体的展布方向。
2.矿区地质特征
2.1地层
1. Holocene series of quaternary system;2. The third rock member of volcanics group;3. The second rock member of volcanics group;4. The up-first rock member of volcanics group;5. The down-first rock member of volcanics group;6. Monzonitic granite;7. Plagioclase granite;8. Plagioclase granite dike;9. Granosyenite dike;10. Iron body and number;11. Magnetite mineralization body;12. Boundary of measured or conjectural;13. Reverse fault;14. Strike-slip fault;15. Occurence
2.2构造
矿区处于嘎顺布拉格—乌珠尔嘎顺冲断层北侧东端,奥陶系中统咸水湖群火山岩组与二长花岗岩体接触带一线,次一级挤压构造破碎带部位。该挤压构造破碎带呈北东东方向延展,宽50m~70m,是乌珠尔嘎顺矽卡岩型铁矿成矿的控矿构造。在其铁矿体形成之后,又有小的断层与褶皱产生,对矿体有一定的破坏。这些小的断层特点是:走向不一致,有北西向、近南北或近东西向,但其共同的特点均为陡倾斜的平移断层或冲断层。矿区可见明显的断层有如下4条: